Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs reduce viral infection by SARS-CoV-2 and fluoxetine show antiviral activity against the novel variants in vitro

doi: 10.1101/2021.03.22.436379

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Ketamine and ketamine metabolites ( b ) 2R,6R-HNK and ( c ) 2S,6S-HNK did not change the luciferase reporter activity. Other classical antidepressant drugs ( d ) rolipram and ( e ) phenelzine were also found to be ineffective. ( f ) Anticonvulsant carbamazepine did not change the amount of luciferase activity. Data represented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Fluoxetine (#H6995, Bosche Scientific), citalopram (#C505000, Toronto Research Chemicals), paroxetine (#2141, Tocris), fluvoxamine (#1033), venlafaxine (#2917, Tocris), reboxetine (#1982, Tocris), imipramine (#I7379-5G, Sigma–Aldrich), clomipramine (#C7291, Sigma–Aldrich), desipramine (#3067, Tocris), phenelzine (#P6777, Sigma–Aldrich), rolipram (#R6520, Sigma–Aldrich), ketamine (#3131, Tocris), 2R, 6R-Hydroxynorketamine and 2S, 6S-Hydroxynorketamine (#6094 and #6095, respectively, Tocris), carbamazepine (#4098, Tocris), chlorpromazine (#C8138, Sigma–Aldrich), flupenthixol (#4057, Tocris), and pimozide (#0937, Tocris) were investigated in this study.

Techniques: Luciferase, Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmacognosy Research

Article Title: Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms

doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.159580

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, ketamine, buprenorphine, and diclofenac on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide formation by rat liver microsomes. Panels to the right show inhibitor concentrations. Each bar represents the mean percentage activity relative to control ± standard error of mean for three independent measurements ( n = 3). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett test. * P < 0.05 versus control (no inhibitor)

Article Snippet: Ketamine hydrochloride and buprenorphine hydrochloride were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (North York, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Pharmacognosy Research

Article Title: Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms

doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.159580

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, ketamine, buprenorphine, and diclofenac on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide formation by recombinant human UGT2B7 isoform. Panels to the right show inhibitor concentrations. Each bar represents the mean percentage activity relative to control ± standard error of mean for three independent measurements ( n = 3). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett test. * P < 0.05 versus control (no inhibitor)

Article Snippet: Ketamine hydrochloride and buprenorphine hydrochloride were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (North York, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Recombinant, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Pharmacognosy Research

Article Title: Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms

doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.159580

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, ketamine, buprenorphine, and diclofenac on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide formation by human liver microsomes. Panels to the right show inhibitor concentrations. Each bar represents the mean percentage activity relative to control ± standard error of mean for three independent measurements ( n = 3). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett test. * P < 0.05 versus control (no inhibitor)

Article Snippet: Ketamine hydrochloride and buprenorphine hydrochloride were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (North York, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Pharmacognosy Research

Article Title: Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms

doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.159580

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, ketamine, buprenorphine, and diclofenac on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide formation by recombinant human UGT1A1 isoform. Panels to the right show inhibitor concentrations. Each bar represents the mean percentage activity relative to control ± standard error of mean for three independent measurements ( n = 3). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett test. * P < 0.05 versus control (no inhibitor)

Article Snippet: Ketamine hydrochloride and buprenorphine hydrochloride were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (North York, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Recombinant, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Forensic Sciences Research

Article Title: Determination of multiple drugs of abuse in human urine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and capillary electrophoresis with PDA detection

doi: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1986771

Figure Lengend Snippet: Enrichment recoveries obtained with the different extraction solvents evaluated for the extraction of drugs by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME).

Article Snippet: 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) hydrochloride, morphine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, methamphetamine hydrochloride, amphetamine hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride were purchased from Cerilliant (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).

Techniques:

Journal: Forensic Sciences Research

Article Title: Determination of multiple drugs of abuse in human urine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and capillary electrophoresis with PDA detection

doi: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1986771

Figure Lengend Snippet: Enrichment recoveries obtained with the different dispersive solvents evaluated for the extraction of drugs by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME).

Article Snippet: 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) hydrochloride, morphine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, methamphetamine hydrochloride, amphetamine hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride were purchased from Cerilliant (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).

Techniques:

Journal: Forensic Sciences Research

Article Title: Determination of multiple drugs of abuse in human urine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and capillary electrophoresis with PDA detection

doi: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1986771

Figure Lengend Snippet: The performance of the proposed methods in spiked urine samples.

Article Snippet: 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) hydrochloride, morphine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, methamphetamine hydrochloride, amphetamine hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride were purchased from Cerilliant (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).

Techniques:

Journal: Forensic Sciences Research

Article Title: Determination of multiple drugs of abuse in human urine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and capillary electrophoresis with PDA detection

doi: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1986771

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electropherograms obtained for the spiked biological samples before (a) and after (b) dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) extraction under the optimum conditions. Extraction conditions: dispersive solvent, 0.5 mL isopropyl alcohol; extraction solvent, 41.0 µL CHCl 3 ; room temperature; pH of sample, 9.0; analytes concentration spiked, urine: 50 ng/mL; internal standard: 3 µg/mL lidocaine. Peak identification: (IS) lidocaine, (1) AM: amphetamine, (2) MA: methamphetamine, (3) MDA: methy­lenedioxyamphetamine, (4) MDMA: methylenedioxymethamphetamine, (5) ketamine, (6) codeine, (7) morphine, (8) 6-MAM: 6-monoacetylmorphine.

Article Snippet: 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) hydrochloride, morphine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, methamphetamine hydrochloride, amphetamine hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride were purchased from Cerilliant (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Forensic Sciences Research

Article Title: Determination of multiple drugs of abuse in human urine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and capillary electrophoresis with PDA detection

doi: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1986771

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electropherograms obtained for the real biological samples from the drug abuser before (a) and after (b) dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) extraction under the optimum conditions. Extraction conditions: dispersive solvent, 0.5 mL isopropyl alcohol; extraction solvent, 41.0 μL CHCl 3 ; room temperature; pH of sample, 9.0; analytes concentration spiked, urine: 50 ng/mL; internal standard: 3 μg/mL lidocaine. Peak identification: (IS) lidocaine, (1) AM: amphetamine, 42.1 ng/mL, (2) MA: methamphetamine, 102.6 ng/mL, (5) ketamine, 84.7 ng/mL.

Article Snippet: 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) hydrochloride, morphine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, methamphetamine hydrochloride, amphetamine hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) hydrochloride, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride were purchased from Cerilliant (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).

Techniques: Concentration Assay